Collision Regulations (COLREGs) in Canada
When operating a pleasure craft, simply assuming the larger boat gets the right of way is a dangerous myth (though commercial vessels restricted by draft almost always do). You must understand the "Stand-On" vs "Give-Way" dynamic.
The "Stand-On" Vessel (Maintains Course)
The stand-on vessel has the ultimate right of way. Its legal duty is to maintain its current speed and heading so the other vessel can predict its path and maneuver safely around it.
The "Give-Way" Vessel (Must Alter Course)
The give-way vessel does not have the right of way. It must take early, substantial action to avoid a collision by altering its speed or direction to stay clear of the stand-on vessel.
3 Core Navigation Scenarios
1. Meeting Head-On (The "Port-to-Port" Rule)
If two power-driven vessels are approaching head-on or nearly head-on, there is no stand-on vessel. Both vessels must alter their heading to starboard (the right). They will pass each other port-to-port (on their left sides), similar to driving cars on a road.
2. Crossing Paths
When two power-driven vessels are crossing paths:
- The vessel that has the other on its Starboard (Right) side is the Give-Way vessel. It must alter course or slow down.
- The vessel that has the other on its Port (Left) side is the Stand-On vessel. It holds course.
- Rule of Thumb: If you look out the right side of your boat and see someone coming, you must yield to them.
3. Overtaking another Vessel
If you are coming up behind another boat and wish to pass, you are the Give-Way vessel. The boat ahead of you (which you are overtaking) is the Stand-On vessel. You must navigate clearly around them, and they are legally expected to maintain their current heading.
Human-Powered vs Power-Driven
In almost all scenarios, a power-driven vessel must Give-Way to human-powered vessels (canoes, kayaks, SUPs) and sailboats operating strictly under sail power. However, sailboats operating under engine power are legally considered power-driven vessels.
Need to make sure your vessel can be easily identified in a crossing situation? If your registration numbers aren't massive block letters, you are breaking federal law. Order compliance-ready 3-inch lettering today via our checkout portal.